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肺癌是目前全球癌症患者中病死率最高的，其中，非小细胞肺癌（ NSCLC ）的研究覆盖最广。目前，人类表皮生长因子受体（ EGFR）研究的兴起，使EGFR成为治疗NSCLC的关键点之一，随之而来的是EGFR酪氨酸激酶抑制剂（EGFR－TKI）的广泛应用。随着对微 RNA（miRNA）研究的深入，对其生物特性有了全新的了解，miRNA 与肿瘤发生、发展的相关性也得到了越来越多的重视。EGFR的突变状态与一些特异性miRNA关系的研究也成为热点之一。“,”Lung cancer is currently the cancer with the highest mortality in the world ,among which the non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC) has been most extensively studied.At present,the rise of studies on human epidermal growth factor receptor( EGFR) make EGFR become one of the key points in the treatment of NSCLC,followed by the wide application of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors(EGFR-TKI).With the deep-ening of study on microRNA ( miRNA ) , a new understanding on its biological characteristics has been obtained,and the relationship between miRNA and the occurrence and development of tumors has also got more and more attention.Study on the correlation between mutation status of EGFR and some specific miRNAs has become one of the hot spots as well.