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目的 研究镉对豚鼠肾上腺皮质细胞形态与功能影响的毒作用特点及可能的机制。方法选用健康雄性豚鼠以４５ μｇ／ｋｇ 和９０ μｇ／ｋｇ 氯化镉腹腔注射染毒，测定血皮质醇、醛固酮及促肾上腺皮质激素（ＡＣＴＨ，放免法） 、血清胆固醇（ 酶联法） 、血和组织镉含量（ 原子吸收法） 和一氧化氮（ 硝酸还原酶法） 。结果 两个染镉组豚鼠血及肾上腺镉含量增加，ＡＣＴＨ 降低，呈剂量效应关系，高剂量组皮质醇略呈增高，其余波动在正常范围。肾上腺组织ＮＯ 水平降低，亦呈剂量依赖方式。结论 镉直接作用于垂体的同时可能引发肾上腺皮质应激反应，且肾上腺皮质ＮＯ 合成减低，提示其在镉肾上腺皮质毒性过程可能发挥重要作用
Objective To study the toxic effects and possible mechanisms of cadmium on the morphology and function of adrenocortical cells in guinea pigs. Methods Healthy male guinea pigs were injected intraperitoneally with 45 μg / kg cadmium chloride and 90 μg / kg cadmium chloride. The serum levels of cortisol, aldosterone and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH, radioimmunoassay), serum cholesterol And tissue cadmium (atomic absorption) and nitric oxide (nitrate reductase). Results The levels of cadmium and cadmium in blood and adrenal of two cadmium-exposed guinea pigs were increased and ACTH decreased. The dose-response relationship was observed. Cortisol slightly increased in the high-dose guinea pigs, and the rest fluctuated in the normal range. NO levels in adrenal tissue decreased, also in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusion The direct effect of cadmium on the pituitary may lead to adrenocortical stress response and the decrease of NO synthesis in the adrenal cortex suggests that cadmium may play an important role in the process of cadmium adrenal cortical toxicity