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目的：了解德州市农村居民土源性线虫感染现状、土源性线虫病防治知识知晓及健康行为形成情况。方法按照分层抽样法，选择6个村作为调查点，以调查点≥3岁的常住人口为调查对象。采用改良加藤厚涂片法检测调查对象粪便中蛔虫、钩虫、鞭虫虫卵，12周岁以下儿童以透明胶纸肛拭法检测蛲虫卵。在每个调查点随机抽取50户以上的家庭，对家庭成员进行土源性线虫病防治知识知晓情况及卫生行为调查。结果共粪检2294人，阳性11人，土源性线虫总感染率为0.48%；蛲虫感染检测260人，阳性40人，蛲虫感染率为15.38%。入户调查898人，土源性线虫病防治知识知晓率为44.99%，70%以上的调查者有良好卫生行为。结论德州市农村居民土源性线虫感染率较低，但儿童蛲虫感染率较高；人群卫生行为较好，但防治知识知晓率偏低。应继续加强防治工作，促进健康教育，以有效降低该病的危害。“,”Objective To understand the status of soil-transmitted nematode infections,as well as the awareness and healthy behavior on soil-transmitted nematodiasis in rural residents of Dezhou City. Methods Six villages were selected according to the stratified sampling method;the permanent resident population aged 3 years or above was determined as the investigation objects. The modified Kato-Katz technique was adopted to detect the eggs of Ascaris lumbricoides,hookworm and Trichuris trichiura in the feces of the residents,and the method of cellophane anal swab was used to detect the Enterobius vermicularis infection in children under 12 years old. More than 50 households in each investigated site were randomly selected to investigate the awareness status on nematodiasis prevention and treatment and the condition of healthy behavior formation. Results A total of 2 294 residents were detected by Kato-Katz methods,11 of them were positive,and the total infection rate of soil-transmitted nematodes was 0.48%. To-tally 260 children were detected and 40 were infected with E. vermicularis,and the infection rate was 15.38%. A total of 898 resi-dents were investigated in the household survey and the awareness rate of nematodiasis prevention and treatment was 44.99%,the proportion of residents with healthy behavior was above 70%. Conclusions The infection rate of soil-transmitted nematode is low in rural areas of Dezhou City,but the infection rate of E. vermicularis in children is higher. The condition of healthy behavior forma-tion is satisfying,but the awareness rate of nematodiasis prevention and treatment of the residents is low. Therefore,the control measures as well as healthy education still should be strengthened.