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全国湿地面积减少、功能下降、生物多样性衰退的趋势还在继续,管理制度不健全是直接原因。当前,湿地保护管理制度存在着湿地在土地分类中没有法律地位、重要湿地未纳入主体功能区规划的禁止和限制开发区范畴、投入机制不健全等问题。在全面深化改革、加快绿色发展的背景下,建立和健全基于生态文明理念的湿地保护管理制度,是做好新形势下湿地工作的关键。建议通过建立湿地产权确权、湿地分级管理和分级行使所有权、湿地生态红线等七项制度,探索建立控制湿地面积减少、增强湿地生态功能、支撑湿地保护可持续发展的制度体系。
The nationwide wetland area is declining, its functions are declining, the trend of declining biodiversity is continuing, and the unsound management system is the direct cause. At present, the wetland protection and management system has the problems that wetlands have no legal status in the land classification, the major wetlands are not included in the prohibition of the planning of the main functional zones and the limits on the development zones, and the input mechanism is not perfect. Under the background of deepening the reform in an all-round way and speeding up the green development, establishing and improving a wetland protection and management system based on the concept of ecological civilization is the key to doing a good job in the wetland work in the new situation. It is suggested that we should establish and establish a system of controlling the reduction of wetland area, enhancing the ecological function of wetland and supporting the sustainable development of wetland conservation through the establishment of seven systems of wetland property right confirmation, wetland classification management, graded exercise ownership and wetland ecological redline.