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文化是人群共同体在适应环境以获得生存和发展的一种机制和制度安排。一个族群的文化变迁既有客观现实因素,也有主观心理因素;既有面对现实生存环境压力的被动性适应变迁,也有为了追求族群自我的生存和发展的主动性适应变迁。文化随着一个族群客观生存环境和生存策略的变化而变化,人们在不同的自然社会文化环境中为获得自身的生存和发展做出适应环境的文化理性选择,而且这种文化的理性选择建立在追求生存和发展的实践理性基础上。在生存和发展实践过程中,人们会随着历史发展环境和社会文化环境的变化被动或主动地做出相应的文化心理和社会文化的调适与重构,理性的选择适应自身生存环境的生活方式和发展方式,于此同时,人们也会理性的选择适应自身生存环境的文化模式。故此,民族文化变迁是建立在民族社会历史与现实发展的实践基础之上的,一个民族的文化理性是建立在实践理性之上,文化理性随着实践理性的变化而变化。
Culture is a mechanism and institutional arrangement for the community of people to adapt to the environment for survival and development. The cultural change of an ethnic group has both objective and subjective psychological factors. It not only adapts to the changes of the passive in the face of the pressure of the real living environment, but also adapts to the initiative of pursuing the survival and development of the ethnic group. Culture changes with the change of the objective living environment and survival strategy of a certain ethnic group. People make culturally rational choices of adapting to the environment for their survival and development in different natural and social cultural environments. Moreover, the rational choice of this kind of culture is based on Pursuit of survival and development based on the practical rationality. In the process of survival and development practice, people will make the corresponding cultural psychology and socio-cultural adjustment and reconstruction either passively or actively with the changes of historical development environment and social and cultural environment, and the rational choice will adapt to their living environment’s life style At the same time, people will also rationally choose the cultural mode that suits their living environment. Therefore, the change of national culture is based on the practice of the development of the history and reality of national society. The cultural rationality of a nation is based on practical rationality, and cultural rationality changes with the change of practical rationality.