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目的探讨运动性疲劳肾气虚的实质及补肾益气中药的作用机理。方法以健康雄性二月龄SD大鼠为研究对象,随机分为安静对照组、运动实验组、运动肾气虚组和服药组(服用补肾益元中药),采用递增负荷游泳加悬吊应激的方案建立运动性疲劳肾气虚动物模型。实验后检测各组大鼠血清睾酮和促性腺激素含量,称量大鼠睾丸重量并观察睾丸的超微结构。结果(1)运动实验组和运动肾气虚组大鼠血清睾酮含量显著低于安静对照组(P<0.05);(2)服药组大鼠血清睾酮水平显著高于运动肾气虚组(P<0.05);(3)电镜观察运动实验组和运动肾气虚组大鼠睾丸间质严重水肿(Ⅳ),细胞固缩,染色质边集,呈凋亡改变。而服药组大鼠睾丸间质水肿不明显,大多数细胞结构基本正常,线粒体嵴大多数清晰,趋于正常。结论补肾益元中药能保护过度训练大鼠的睾丸间质细胞及细胞内线粒体结构以维持睾酮的正常分泌、促进内源性睾酮的再生,这种对睾丸组织结构的保护作用可能是延缓运动性疲劳肾气虚发生的机理之一。
Objective To investigate the essence of exercise-induced fatigue-induced kidney qi deficiency and the mechanism of action of Bushenyiqi herbs. Methods Healthy male 2-month-old Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups: quiet control group, exercise test group, exercise kidney deficiency group and medication group (taking Bushen Yiyuan traditional Chinese medicine), using incremental swimming and suspension stress. The protocol establishes an animal model of exercise-induced fatigue and kidney deficiency. After the experiment, the contents of testosterone and gonadotropin in the rats of each group were measured. The testis weights of the rats were weighed and the ultrastructure of the testis was observed. Results (1) The levels of testosterone in rats of exercise group and exercise-kidney-qi-deficiency group were significantly lower than those in quiet control group (P<0.05); (2) The levels of testosterone in exercise group were significantly higher than those in exercise-induced kidney deficiency group (P<0.05). (3) Electron microscopic examination of the testicular interstitial severe edema (IV), cell pyknosis, chromatin margin, and apoptotic changes were observed in the exercise group and the exercise-kidney qi deficiency group. However, the testicular interstitial edema was not obvious in the drug-administered rats, most of the cell structures were normal, and most of the mitochondrial cristae were clear and normalized. Conclusion Bushen Yiyuan herbs can protect rat testicular stromal cells and intracellular mitochondrial structure in overtraining rats to maintain the normal secretion of testosterone and promote the regeneration of endogenous testosterone. This protective effect on testicular tissue structure may be to delay the exercise One of the mechanisms of fatigue kidney deficiency occurs.