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对外开放使中国成功地利用了经济全球化的历史机遇,通过引进国内稀缺的生产要素实现了要素集聚式的发展。同时,开放促进了改革,与市场化改革一起释放了闲置生产要素,提高了要素生产率。但是,要素集聚的发展模式利益是有限的,改革的滞后又约束了内需拉动型的增长。金融危机使中国的外部市场收缩,发展战略要求作出长期的调整。扩大内需是中国增长动力的再造,也是从要素集聚、释放向要素培育阶段的升级。在扩大内需战略中,提高开放水平有了新的内容。中国要从“引进外资—扩大出口—拉动发展”模式进入“内需开发—吸引外资—拉动发展”模式,以进口提高技术形成自主式发展。
Opening up to the outside world enabled China to make full use of the historic opportunity of economic globalization and to achieve the development of factor agglomeration through the introduction of domestic scarce factors of production. At the same time, opening up has promoted reform, releasing unproductive factors of production along with market-oriented reforms and improving factor productivity. However, the benefit of the development model of factor agglomeration is limited, and the lag of reform constrains the growth of domestic demand. The financial crisis has shrunk China’s external market and its development strategy has required long-term adjustments. Expanding domestic demand is a reengineering of China’s growth momentum. It is also an upgrade from the gathering and release of factors to the cultivation of factors. In the strategy of expanding domestic demand, there has been new content in raising the level of opening up. China should import foreign capital - expand exports - boost development “mode into” domestic demand development - attract foreign capital - boost development "mode, import and improve technology to form autonomous development.