目的研究多发性骨髓瘤(MM)患者医院感染的临床特点。方法对住院的132例多发性骨髓瘤患者发生医院感染进行回顾性统计分析。结果132例中38例发生医院感染,感染率28.78%,粒细胞缺乏组的医院感染率91.67%,致死率16.67%,显著高于非粒细胞缺乏组(P<0.01)。感染部位以下呼吸道为主,致病菌以革兰氏阴性菌为主。结论多发性骨髓瘤医院感染率高,粒细胞缺乏是主要危险因素,应采取积极的预防措施,缩短粒缺时间,早期、合理使用敏感抗生素防治感染。 Objective To study the clinical characteristics of nosocomial infection in patients with multiple myeloma (MM). Methods A retrospective statistical analysis of nosocomial infection in 132 inpatients with multiple myeloma was performed. Results Of 132 cases, 38 cases were infected with nosocomial infection, the infection rate was 28.78%. The nosocomial infection rate was 91.67% and the mortality rate was 16.67% in the group with agranulocytosis, which was significantly higher than that in the non - neutropenic group (P <0.01). The main respiratory tract following infection, pathogenic bacteria to Gram-negative bacteria. Conclusions Multiple myeloma has high nosocomial infection rate and agranulocytosis as the main risk factors. Active preventive measures should be taken to shorten the time of early or late administration of granuloma and to use sensitive antibiotics reasonably to prevent and cure infection.