食管癌在世界范围内的发病率和死亡率分别位于恶性肿瘤的第8位和第6位,是最难治疗的消化道肿瘤之一。因为早期食管癌症状不明显,有半数以上的患者在确诊时已经发生全身的转移。食管癌手术后5年生存率仅25%~40%[1]。因此,如何通过分子生物学手段达到提高早期食管癌的诊断率和改 Esophageal cancer in the world incidence and mortality were located in the 8th and 6th of malignant tumors, is one of the most difficult to treat gastrointestinal tumors. Because early symptoms of esophageal cancer are not obvious, more than half of patients have already had systemic metastases at the time of diagnosis. 5-year survival after esophageal cancer only 25% to 40% [1]. Therefore, how to improve the diagnostic rate and change of early esophageal cancer by means of molecular biology