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由于城市森林可改善人居环境并提高居民的生活环境质量而备受关注,而城市化进程的加剧使生态系统的结构也发生了很大变化。论文以快速城市化进程中上海“城-郊”样带为例,基于地理信息技术,采用景观格局分析和数理统计方法,有效量化“城-郊”样带;并借助植被功能分类的相关理论,以乔木组成和结构变化为载体,探讨城市化程度对城市森林的影响。结果表明:1)城区乔木丰富度指数(S)、Shannon-Wiener指数(H)和Simpson指数(D)高于郊区,二者存在显著性差异(P<0.05);但城区和郊区乔木物种均匀度分别为0.448±0.043和0.394±0.038,不存在显著差异(P>0.05)。2)城区乔木的密度小于郊区,分别为248±25和472±57株/hm~2;且二者间存在显著性差异(P<0.05)。3)城区和郊区的城市森林群落的生长潜能存在一定的差异,郊区具有较多数量的高生长潜能乔木,而城区中低生长潜能的常绿乔木密度比郊区高;4)城区、郊区中各胸径量级的乔木数量分布均呈倒J型曲线。通过该研究以期促进城市森林生态系统服务功能发挥的同时也为进行城市森林的管理提供科学依据。
Due to urban forest can improve the living environment and improve the quality of living environment of residents and concern, and the intensification of urbanization makes the ecosystem structure has undergone great changes. Taking the urban-suburban belt in Shanghai during rapid urbanization as an example, the paper quantifies the “city-suburb” transect effectively based on geographic information technology and landscape pattern analysis and mathematical statistics. With the help of vegetation function Based on the theory of classification, taking the change of composition and structure of arbor as the carrier, this paper discusses the effect of urbanization on urban forest. The results showed that: 1) The urban tree richness index (S), Shannon-Wiener index (H) and Simpson index (D) were higher than those in the suburbs with significant difference (P <0.05) Degrees were 0.448 ± 0.043 and 0.394 ± 0.038, there was no significant difference (P> 0.05). 2) The density of urban trees is smaller than that of the suburbs (248 ± 25 and 472 ± 57 plants / hm ~ 2, respectively), and there is a significant difference between them (P <0.05). There is a certain difference in the growth potential of urban forest communities in urban and suburban areas, with a higher number of high growth potential trees in the suburbs, and a lower density of evergreen trees in urban areas than in the suburbs; 4) The number distribution of DBH was inverted J curve. Through this study, we hope to promote the function of urban forest ecosystem services and provide a scientific basis for the management of urban forests.