论文部分内容阅读
过去40年,我国水稻杂种优势利用取得了举世瞩目的成就.近20年来,水稻杂种优势的遗传基础研究也取得系列进展.无论是杂种优势的显性学说,超显性学说还是上位性学说,都找到了分子遗传学的证据.归结起来看,亚种间或者亚种内杂交组合的各种效应的重要性可能不同,但似乎没有必要排斥各遗传效应在杂种优势遗传基础中的作用.杂种优势的预测经历了借助分子标记、QTL、代谢物和其他组学的不同时期,杂种优势预测的准确性在逐步提高.但是,生态适应性杂种优势遗传基础解析几乎没有开展,亟待加强.重要杂种优势基因的分子机制解析将势必进一步揭示杂种优势的分子基础,提高强优势组合选配效率.
Over the past 40 years, the utilization of rice heterosis in our country has made remarkable achievements in the world.In the past 20 years, a series of progresses have also been made in the genetic basis of rice heterosis.Whether it is the dominant theory of heterosis, the super-dominant theory is epistasis, Have found evidence of molecular genetics In summary, the importance of the various effects of hybrid combinations within subspecies or subspecies may not be as important as it seems to exclude the role of each genetic effect in the genetic basis of heterosis. Prediction of advantages has been through the different stages of molecular markers, QTLs, metabolites and other omics, and the accuracy of heterosis prediction is gradually increased. However, genetic basis analysis of ecologically adaptive heterosis has hardly been carried out and needs to be strengthened. Analysis of the molecular mechanism of dominant genes is bound to further reveal the molecular basis of heterosis, improve the efficiency of the combination of strong superiority.