论文部分内容阅读
【目的】鉴定广西地方香稻品种的香味及其香味基因型,为开发和利用广西香稻地方种质资源及选育优质特色香稻品种提供理论依据。【方法】将传统香味鉴定方法(KOH浸泡法和籽粒咀嚼法)与分子标记技术结合,对179份广西地方香稻种质资源的香味及其香味基因型进行鉴定。【结果】179份供试材料中,KOH浸泡法检测到具有香味的材料167份,籽粒咀嚼法检测到具有香味的材料124份。籽粒咀嚼法鉴定为香稻的品种中97.58%能用KOH浸泡法鉴定出香味,但KOH浸泡法鉴定为香稻的品种中仅72.46%能用籽粒咀嚼法鉴定出香味。利用分子标记法能检测到等位基因的有71份,占供试材料总数的39.66%,主要以InDel7和InDel4-5等位基因为主,其中仅1份检测到InDel2等位基因,40份检测到InDel7等位基因,37份检测到InDel4-5等位基因,未检测到InDel13等位基因,但有7份同时检测到InDel7等位基因和InDel4-5等位基因。71份能检测到等位基因的材料中有69份被籽粒咀嚼法和/或KOH浸泡法鉴定为香稻品种,正确率达97.18%。在籽粒咀嚼法和KOH浸泡法均鉴定为香稻的121个品种中,香味表型明确,但仅有55个品种能检测到等位基因,检出率为45.45%。来自百色市的供试材料中能检测到等位基因的品种占该市香稻品种总数的53.19%,含有InDel2、InDel7和InDel4-5等位基因型,但以Indel7等位基因型为主;来自河池市的供试材料中能检测到等位基因品种占该市香稻品种总数的比例最高,达64.10%,但只检测到2种基因型,以Indel4-5等位基因型为主;柳州市及其他市能检测到等位基因的比例远低于百色市和河池市。【结论】广西香稻地方品种具有较强的地域特色,不同地区的香稻香味等位基因存在明显差异,且可能存在已报道的等位基因之外的香味基因或香味等位基因,仅用4个已报道的等位基因不足以检测出全部的香稻品种,应将分子标记法与传统鉴定方法相结合,才可更准确鉴定出香稻品种。
【Objective】 The objective of this study was to identify the aroma and flavor genotypes of aroma rice cultivars in Guangxi, and to provide a theoretical basis for the development and utilization of Guangxi avenophane germplasm resources and selection of high quality and characteristic aroma rice varieties. 【Method】 The traditional flavor identification methods (KOH immersion method and grain chewing method) were combined with molecular marker techniques to identify the flavor and flavor genotypes of 179 indica fragrant rice germplasms from Guangxi. 【Result】 The results showed that 167 samples with flavor were detected by KOH immersion method and 124 samples with flavor were detected by grain chewing method. 97.58% of the varieties identified as grain by chewing method can be identified by KOH soaking method, but only 72.46% of the varieties of fragrant rice by KOH immersion method can be identified by grain chewing method. The number of alleles detected by molecular markers was 71, accounting for 39.66% of the total number of tested materials, mainly InDel7 and InDel4-5 alleles, of which only 1 InDel2 allele was detected, 40 InDel7 allele was detected, 37 InDel4-5 alleles were detected, InDel13 allele was not detected, but 7 copies of InDel7 allele and InDel4-5 allele were detected simultaneously. 69 of the 71 alleles were detected by grain chewing method and / or KOH soaking method, and the correct rate was 97.18%. Among 121 varieties of fragrant rice, which were identified by grain chewing method and KOH immersion method, the flavor phenotype was clear, but only 55 varieties could detect the allele with a detection rate of 45.45%. The alleles that could be detected in the tested materials from Baise City accounted for 53.19% of the total varieties of the whole city, and contained the alleles of InDel2, InDel7 and InDel4-5, but were mainly allelic Indel7. The percentage of alleles that could be detected from Hechi City was the highest, accounting for 64.10% of the total, but only two genotypes were detected, with Indel4-5 allele as the predominant allele. Liuzhou City and other cities can detect the proportion of alleles is far lower than the city of Baise and Hechi. 【Conclusion】 Aromatic rice landraces in Guangxi have strong regional characteristics. There are significant differences in allelochemicals of fragrant rice in different regions, and there may be scented genes or scented alleles other than reported alleles. Four reported alleles are not enough to detect all the fragrant rice varieties, molecular markers should be combined with traditional identification methods, in order to more accurately identify the varieties of fragrant rice.