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美国的护理院(Nursing home)总计有150万张床,预算超过400亿美元。但很多护理院缺少技术和人员,治疗也不适当。由于院校护理院(Academic nursing home)和老年医学专业的产生和发展,将会提高所有护理院的医护质量。65岁以上的人,有5%住在护理院,平均住院时间2.9年。现今的护理院应具备有效能的护理设备和中等程度的治疗设施。50%的病人是由医院转来,由于老年医疗照顾制度的预先付款,使临终病人有所增加。大部分住入护理院的病人是由于功能性残疾,如步态异常、跌倒、痴呆、不能自制、自理能力下降及他们的家庭不能提供适当的照料等原因。医生及护理组成员要提高警惕,减少能避免的并发症,如给药过多、药物中毒、压迫性溃疡(Pressureulcers)、体重下降、食欲丧失、抑郁和感染。为提高生命质量,对长期治疗的病人应
Nursing home in the United States has a total of 1.5 million beds and a budget of more than $40 billion. However, many nursing homes lack technology and personnel and treatment is not appropriate. Due to the emergence and development of the Academic nursing home and the geriatrics profession, the quality of care in all nursing homes will be improved. For those over the age of 65, 5% live in nursing homes and the average length of stay is 2.9 years. Today’s nursing homes should have effective nursing equipment and moderate treatment facilities. 50% of the patients were transferred from hospitals and the number of terminally ill patients increased due to the advance payment of the elderly medical care system. The majority of patients admitted to nursing homes are due to functional disabilities such as abnormal gait, falling, dementia, inability to self-control, decreased ability to take care of themselves, and their family’s inability to provide proper care. Physicians and members of the nursing team should be vigilant to reduce complications that can be avoided, such as excessive administration, drug poisoning, pressure ulcers, weight loss, loss of appetite, depression, and infection. In order to improve the quality of life, patients should be treated for long-term treatment.