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利用RAPD技术定量分析了快速近交(全同胞近交,雌核发育)对团头鲂养育群体遗传结构的影响。经群体遗传学分析软件ARLEQUIN对RAPD图谱计算,在实测171个位点中,系统选育7代群体(F7)、全同胞近交4代群体(S4)及雌核发育2代群体(G2)的多态位点个数从大到小依次为F7(133)>S4(117)>G2(106);位点基因多样性从大到小依次为F7(0.30)>S4(0.28)>G2(0.24);根据这两个指标,一代雌核发育对基因纯合的影响力度为一代全同胞交配的3.3倍和6倍。3群体的群体内方差百分比为83.10%,群体间方差百分比为16.90%,固定性系数Fst(0.169)的p<0.01,遗传差异极显著,证明同选育群体相比,近交群体的基因型发生了明显异化。通过试验估算的近交系数值低于理论上的近交系数值,应是环境影响的存在和作用所致。
RAPD technique was used to quantitatively analyze the effect of rapid inbreeding (all sibling inbreeding and gynogenetic development) on the genetic structure of rearing population. Based on the population genetic analysis software ARLEQUIN, the RAPD map was calculated. Among the 171 loci tested, the 7-generation population (F7), all-sibling 4-generation population (S4) and gyno-2generation population (F7 (133)> S4 (117)> G2 (106), the order of the genetic diversity of the loci was F7 (0.30)> S4 (0.28)> G2 (0.24). According to these two indicators, the effect of gynogenetic development on gene homozygosity was 3.3-fold and 6-fold higher than that of full-sib. Among the three groups, the percentage of variance within the population was 83.10%, the percentage of variance among the populations was 16.90%, and the coefficient of variation Fst (0.169) was p <0.01. The genetic difference was extremely significant, which showed that the genotypes of inbreeding population A significant alienation occurred. The in inbred coefficient estimated by experiment is lower than the theoretical inbreeding coefficient, which should be caused by the existence and effect of environmental impact.