尼科洛·马基雅维里是西方政治思想史上赫赫有名的人物,他那被曲解为“为达目的,不择手段”,的“马基雅维里主义”在人们当中引起起了无休止的争论,直到今天,这种争论仍未平息。在西方史学上,马基雅维里又被奉为人文主义史学中“政治学派”的代表。这位思想敏锐,才气过人的意大利思想家的著述颇丰,论题涉及政治、历史、法律、军事、文学诸多领域,在西方思想史上留下了深远的影响。然而,人们在研究马基雅维里时,更多是着眼于他的政治思想和史学成就,对他思想的源流却着墨不多。马基雅维里的思想究竟源于何处?是撷取古希腊思想精华,还是继承古罗马文化传统,抑或是沿袭中世纪异端?解决好这个问题,有助于我们从思想深层把握马基雅维里思想的真正内涵。因此,本文试图就马基雅维里的思想源流作一探讨。 Niccolo Machiavelli, a well-known figure in the history of Western political thought, whose “Machiavellianism”, which he misinterpreted as “purposeless means”, aroused endless controversy among people until today This controversy has not yet subsided. In Western historiography, Machiavelli was again represented as a “political school” in the history of humanism. The sharp-minded and talented Italian thinker has published quite a wealth of writings and has touched upon many fields of politics, history, law, military affairs and literature, leaving far-reaching implications in the history of Western thought. However, when people studied Machiavelli, they focused more on his political thinking and historical achievements, but did not write much about the origins of his ideas. Where did Machiavelli originated from? Did he pick up the essence of ancient Greek thought, inherit the ancient Roman cultural tradition, or follow the heresy of the Middle Ages? To solve this problem will help us grasp Machiavelli’s thought Real meaning. Therefore, this article attempts to discuss the origin of Machiavelli’s thought.