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背景:生物力学相容性是保证种植体与骨结合后长期稳定并行使功能的必要条件,因此,了解上颌中切牙与其周围骨组织应力应变分布情况对种植义齿修复尤为重要。目的:根据天然牙5种不同解剖分型,探讨上颌中切牙牙根与种植体的应力分布规律。方法:根据天然上颌中切牙5种不同解剖分型,通过UGNX、ANSYS等软件建立种植体及周围局部结构的三维有限元模型(B1、B2、M1、M2、P1),对种植体施加与牙长轴的夹角成0°、30°、45°、60°、90°的100 N静态荷载力,分析5类上颌中切牙牙根与种植体的应力分布情况。结果与结论:5种分型中,天然中切牙与种植体等效应力随着加载力角度的增大而增大,种植体上升趋势高于天然牙。天然牙等效应力最大值集中在B1,最小值在M1,而种植体等效应力最大值在M1,最小值在M2。天然牙牙根等效应力有2%-31%的差距,种植体等效应力有4%-21%的差距,种植体的应力分布区间小于天然牙牙根的应力分布区间。说明种植体与天然牙随着咬合力角度的增大与受力呈正比,种植体所能承受的咬合力小于天然中切牙。
BACKGROUND Biomechanical compatibility is a necessary condition to ensure long-term stability of implants and osseointegration. Therefore, understanding the distribution of stress and strain in maxillary central incisor and its surrounding bone tissue is particularly important for implant denture restoration. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the distribution of stress in root and implant of maxillary central incisor according to five different anatomic types of natural teeth. Methods: According to 5 different anatomic types of natural maxillary central incisor, three-dimensional finite element models (B1, B2, M1, M2, P1) of implant and surrounding local structures were established by software UGNX and ANSYS. The angle of the long axis of the tooth was 100N static load at 0 °, 30 °, 45 °, 60 ° and 90 °. The stress distribution in the root and the implant of the five types of maxillary central incisors was analyzed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The equivalent stress of natural incisors and implants increased with the increase of loading force. The rising trend of implants was higher than that of natural teeth. The maximum value of natural tooth equivalent stress concentrated in B1, the minimum in M1, while the maximum implant equivalent stress in M1, the minimum in M2. The equivalent stress of natural tooth root has a difference of 2% -31%, and the equivalent stress of implant has a difference of 4% -21%. The stress distribution range of the implant is smaller than that of the natural tooth root. The results show that with the increasing of the occlusal force, the implant and the natural tooth are proportional to the force, and the bite force that the implant can bear is less than the natural incisor.