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本文讨论了材料科学和材料工程在现代合金设计中的重要作用。文中指出:第二次世界大战后。这两门知识的方法学和语言不是趋向统一,而是逐步趋向分离。过去几十年来一方面把材料科学家与材料工程师隔开,使前者对工艺技术无法作更大的贡献;另一方面,材料工程师也不能从材料科学家取得的大量成果中获得潜在的好处。本文谈了一些新的材料学教学计划,这些计划的目的是设法弥补一部分上述不良状况。本文从学术上谈了合金设计的现状,为了说明问题。举了目前研究生研究课题中的四个例子。这些例子是:(1)一种在等于或低于液氮温度下有特殊韧性的bcc铁合金;(2)强度和韧性与高合金马氏体时效钢相当的一系列中合金钢;(3)主要考虑显微组织和亚结构而研制的一种Fe-Cr-C高韧性超高强度钢;(4)不用合金碳化物而利用金属间化合物进行高温弥散硬化的一种bcc铁基合金。
This article discusses the important role of materials science and materials engineering in modern alloy design. The article pointed out: After the Second World War. The methodology and language of these two kinds of knowledge do not tend to unify, but gradually tend to separate. On the one hand, in the past few decades, the separation of material scientists from material engineers has made the former unable to make a greater contribution to process technology; on the other hand, material engineers have not been able to derive the potential benefits from the vast amount of results achieved by material scientists. This article addresses some new materials science programs that seek to remedy a portion of the above-mentioned problems. This article talks about the current status of alloy design from the academic point of view, in order to illustrate the problem. Cited the current graduate research topics in the four examples. These are: (1) a bcc ferrous alloy with special toughness at or below liquid nitrogen temperature; (2) a series of medium alloy steels with comparable strength and toughness as high alloy martensitic aged steel; (3) A Fe-Cr-C high toughness ultrahigh-strength steel mainly developed by considering the microstructure and the substructure; (4) a bcc iron-based alloy which does not have an alloy carbide but disperses and hardens at a high temperature using an intermetallic compound.