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缺铁性贫血(IDA)的发生常有一个发展过程,其发病前期可先有储铁减少期(ID)、红细胞生成缺铁期(IDE),总称为铁缺乏症。铁缺乏症甚为常见,尤其好发于2岁以下儿童、妊娠妇女和月经期妇女,据儿科医院和我院资料,上述人群铁缺乏症患病率分别为82.3%、66.27%和43.32%,缺铁性贫血的患病率分别为45.1%、19.28%和11.39%。一、铁代谢1.铁的分布:正常成年男性体内总铁量为50毫克/公斤,女性约为35毫克/公斤。真正在血浆中转运铁仅占总铁量的0.12%。65%为血红蛋白的铁,30%以铁蛋白和含铁血黄素形式储存于肝、脾、骨髓等单核巨噬细胞系统内,5%分布于肌红蛋白及体内氧化还原过程有关的含铁酶中。以铁蛋白和含铁血黄素形式存在的铁是组成人体机动的铁贮备。
The development of iron deficiency anemia (IDA) often has a development process, its early onset may have iron reduction period (ID), erythropoiesis and iron deficiency (IDE), collectively referred to as iron deficiency. Iron deficiency is very common, especially in children under 2 years of age, pregnant women and women of menstruation, according to pediatric hospital and our hospital information, the prevalence of iron deficiency in these populations were 82.3%, 66.27% and 43.32%, respectively, The prevalence rates of iron deficiency anemia were 45.1%, 19.28% and 11.39%, respectively. First, the iron metabolism 1. Iron distribution: the normal adult male body total iron is 50 mg / kg, female about 35 mg / kg. Truly in the plasma transfer of iron only 0.12% of the total iron. 65% of hemoglobin is iron, 30% of ferritin and hemosiderin in the form of liver, spleen, bone marrow and other mononuclear macrophage system, 5% distributed in myoglobin and in vivo redox process related to iron Enzymes. Iron in the form of ferritin and hemosiderin is the iron reserve that makes up the human body.