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一对太平天国的五军主将制的研究,首先遇到的问题,便是五军主将制建立于何时?简又文先生曾作了这样说明:“其始,在天王与幼主之下,其他首义五杰,杨秀清封为中军主将,韦正(昌辉)左军主将,石达开右军主将”(见辛亥元年七月十九日在茶地诏令),认为五军主将制建立于1851年8月15日。这里,显然他主要根据是辛亥年七月十九日(1851年8月15日)洪秀全在紫荆山茶地所发诏令。现将这个诏令摘要如下:
The first question encountered by the study of the five armed monarchies of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom was when the system of the five army martyrs was established: “At the very beginning, under the patronage of the kings and young monarchs, Jie, Yang Xiuqing seal for the military chief, Wei Zheng (Chang Hui) left main army, Shida Kai right army masters ”(see Xinhai on July 19 in Chadian), that the system of the establishment of the Five Armies Lord in 1851 August 15. Here, apparently, he is mainly based on the edict issued by Hong Hsiu-chuen in the tea plantations of the Purple Mountain on July 19, 1911 (August 15, 1851). Now this edict summary is as follows: