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近二十年来,我国大豆市场一直保持供求同步快速增长的态势,大豆的总供给大于总需求。由于国内大豆产量增长缓慢,供给的增加主要依靠国外进口来实现。国内大豆需求逐年增长,其中2012/13年度榨油消费占总消费的82.4%,国内外大豆价格差是大豆进口的主要原因。大豆是土地密集型农产品,在需求刚性和国内水土资源约束不断加大的矛盾下,大豆进口的资源替代、供给保障和结构优化作用明显。
In the past two decades, the soybean market in our country has maintained the trend of rapid growth of supply and demand. The total supply of soybean is greater than the total demand. Due to the slow growth of domestic soybean production, the increase of supply mainly depends on foreign imports. Domestic demand for soybeans has been increasing year by year, of which oil-bearing consumption accounted for 82.4% of total consumption in 2012/13. The difference in domestic and international soybean prices is the main reason for soybean imports. Soybean is a land-intensive agricultural product. Under the contradiction of the rigid demand and the increasing constraints on water and land resources in China, the substitution of soybean resources for import, supply guarantee and structural optimization are obvious.