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目的探讨混合脱敏液对变应原不明支气管哮喘的疗效及安全性。方法将2004年1月至2007年8月在枣庄市王开传染病医院门诊及住院的支气管哮喘患者随机分为治疗组和对照组各30例,治疗组采用混合脱敏液(MI+HT)治疗,对照组采用安慰剂治疗,时间为1年。治疗过程分为常规脱敏和维持脱敏两个阶段。常规脱敏是以1∶106MI(混合液)、HT(组胺)为起始浓度,从0.1ml开始,皮下注射,每周2次,每次增加0.1ml,至1ml为止,10次为1疗程;然后按同样方法,以1∶105MI、HT,0.1～1ml为第2个疗程,依次浓度递增至1∶102MI、HT完成。维持脱敏是以1∶102MI、HT为浓度,每次0.5ml,逐渐延长注射间隔时间,即每周2次,8周;每周1次,8周;10d1次,8周;2周1次,4周,总疗程为53周(12个月),对照组按同样浓度、方法及疗程进行。结果两组病人的哮喘症状治疗后比治疗前均有改善,疗程结束后治疗组哮喘症状评分日均分明显优于对照组(t=2.275,P<0.05)。疗程结束后病人哮喘症状改善情况自我评价治疗组优于对照组(u=3.284,P<0.05)。治疗过程中均未出现明显不良反应。结论用混合脱敏液对变应原不明的支气管哮喘特异性免疫治疗,可以改善患者的症状,并具有一定的安全性。
Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of mixed desensitizing solution on allergen-free bronchial asthma. Methods From January 2004 to August 2007, 30 patients with bronchial asthma in the outpatient and inpatient hospital of Wang Kai Hospital of Infectious Diseases in Zaozhuang were randomly divided into treatment group (30 cases) and control group (30 cases). The treatment group received mixed desensitizing solution (MI + HT) The control group was treated with placebo for 1 year. The course of treatment is divided into conventional desensitization and maintenance of desensitization in two stages. Routines desensitization is based on the initial concentration of 1: 106MI (mixed liquid) and HT (histamine), starting from 0.1ml and injected subcutaneously twice a week, each time increasing 0.1ml to 1ml and 10 times being 1 Then according to the same method, with 1:105MI, HT, 0.1 ~ 1ml for the second course of treatment, followed by increasing the concentration to 1:102MI, HT completed. To maintain the desensitization is 1:102MI, HT concentration, each 0.5ml, and gradually extend the injection interval, that is, twice a week, 8 weeks; once a week, 8 weeks; 10d1 times, 8 weeks; 2 weeks 1 Times, 4 weeks, the total course of treatment was 53 weeks (12 months), the control group by the same concentration, methods and treatment. Results The symptoms of asthma in both groups were improved after treatment than those before treatment. The average daily scores of asthma symptom scores in the treatment group were significantly better than those in the control group after the end of treatment (t = 2.275, P <0.05). After treatment, patients with asthma symptoms improved self-evaluation treatment group than the control group (u = 3.284, P <0.05). No significant adverse reactions occurred during the course of treatment. Conclusions The specific immunotherapy with mixed desensitizing liquid on asthma allergens can improve the patient’s symptoms and have certain safety.