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具有2000多年历史的交河古城遗址坐落在新疆吐鲁番市西9公里处盐山北侧的冲积河间地块之上,该古城呈北西～南东向展开,形如柳叶状。长约1700米,最宽处约300米。古城遗址上街道、民宅、官府衙门、宝塔及水井等设施一应俱全,是我国古代丝绸之路上一座相当重要而繁荣的城市。由于历史上持续暴雨而造成墙倒屋塌及大量积水,使得人类弃城而走。加上第四纪全新世喜马拉雅山运动在盐山一带成正向隆起抬升,造成河流不断地下切侵蚀,以至形成了今天交河古城遗址高出现代河面约20多米的状况。
The historic site of Jiaohe with more than 2,000 years of history is located above the alluvial inter-river massif on the northern side of the Yanshan Mountain, 9 kilometers west of Turpan, Xinjiang. The ancient city starts from NW to Southeastern and shaped like willow. About 1700 meters long, the widest point about 300 meters. The ruins of the ancient city streets, houses, government Yamen, pagodas and wells and other facilities readily available, is China’s ancient Silk Road, a very important and prosperous city. As a result of the continuous torrential rains in history, the collapse of the wall and the massive accumulation of water have caused the human to abandon the city. In addition, the Quaternary Holocene Himalayas moved uplift in the Yanshan area, causing the river to continuously undercut and erode. As a result, the site of Jiaohe Ancient City today is about 20 meters higher than the modern river.