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目的探讨在特殊的家庭环境中农村留守儿童的应对特点。方法以自编留守儿童一般情况问卷和应付方式问卷为测查工具,对372名农村留守儿童进行调查。结果留守儿童对挫折和应激情境以中间型和不成熟型应付方式为主,首选“合理化”、“幻想”、“退避”、“自责”等应付策略;中间型应付方式的使用有年级差异,男女生在成熟型应付方式选择上具有显著性差异;不成熟型与中间型应付方式随年龄而变化的趋势明显;另外与非留守儿童相比,他们倾向于使用非成熟型应付方式,且表现差异性。结论留守儿童应付方式的选择具有不成熟性,需要给予指导和促进其完善发展。
Objective To explore the coping characteristics of left-behind children in rural areas in a special family environment. Methods 372 rural left-behind children were surveyed by using self-compiled questionnaire of left-behind children general condition and questionnaire of coping styles as testing tools. Results Left-behind children mainly deal with the setbacks and stress situations in the middle and immature types. The most appropriate strategies are “rationalization”, “fantasy”, “retreat” and “self-blame”. Middle-school coping styles are used in grades Differences between boys and girls in the choice of mature coping styles have significant differences; immature and intermediate coping styles with age trends obvious; compared with non-left-behind children, they tend to use the immature coping style, And the performance of differences. Conclusion The choice of coping styles for left-behind children is immature and requires guidance and promotion of sound development.