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肿瘤细胞免疫治疗被公认为是继手术、放疗和化疗之后的第四种肿瘤治疗方法，免疫疗法嵌合型抗原受体(chimeric antigen receptor，CAR)修饰的T细胞疗法(CAR-T)，属于过继性细胞免疫治疗，不仅在肿瘤治疗中取得突破性进展，在感染性疾病和自身免疫性疾病等治疗中也有良好的应用前景。现就CAR-T细胞免疫疗法的发展历史、临床应用、目前存在的问题以及最新研究成果作一综述。“,”Cellular immunotherapy is recognized as the fourth tumor treatment after surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy.Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T-cell therapy belongs to adoptive cellular immunotherapy.CAR-T not only has made great breakthroughs in cancer treatment, but also has good application prospects in the treatment of infectious diseases and autoimmune diseases.This article reviews the development history, clinical applications, current problems and the latest research progress of CAR-T cell immunotherapy.