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在中西文化激荡之际,洪秀全抉择采用了西方文化浅陋的宗教部分,并以此为旗帜发动了太平军起义。但这浅陋的西方宗教文化与中国社会(包括农民大众)传统文化格格不入。曾国藩敏锐地看到了刀光剑影之下的文化冲突与危机而大作文章,以中国传统文化之精神(儒学)与载体(绅士与农民)组建湘军,并依靠传统文化中“经世致用”这一内在活力来革新文化机制,整合社会,最终将带有西方文化变调的太平军淹没在血泊之中。所以,太平军失败的根本因素在于文化抉择的失误,而这一悲剧在其1853年进入湖北之际就已拉开了序幕。
On the occasion of the agitation between Chinese and Western cultures, Hong Xiuquan chose to adopt the shallow religious part of Western culture and used it as a banner to launch the Taiping Uprising. However, this shallow Western religious culture is incompatible with the traditional culture of Chinese society (including peasant masses). Tseng Kuo-fan was keenly aware of the cultural conflicts and crises under the shadow of a sword and made a fuss about the formation of the Hunan Army with the spirit of traditional Chinese culture (Confucianism) and carriers (gentlemen and peasants) and by relying on the “practical use of the world” in traditional culture Intrinsic vitality to innovate cultural mechanisms, integrate the society, and ultimately submerged in the pool of Taiping with a Western cultural tone. Therefore, the fundamental factor in the failure of the Taiping army lies in the mistakes made in the choice of culture, and this tragedy has just begun when it entered Hubei in 1853.