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组播(multicast)是一到多或者多到多的多方通信形式,远程会议、交互式仿真、分布式内容系统、多方游戏等应用都对组播业务(multicast service)提出了需求。在OSI模型的网络层或者应用层实现业务是目前组播业务的两种实现体制。IP组播研究起步较早,但最近研究发现网络层组播研存在许多难以解决的问题,基于互联网的性质和应用的特点,在IP组播模型、Overlay Network和Peer-to-Peer等技术的基础上,发展出了应用层组播技术。但应用层组播也有其自身缺陷。本文总结了网络层组播和应用层组播的优缺点,并在此基础上设计了一套两者相结合的体系结构,以取得优势互补的成效。
Multicast is a multi-party or multi-party form of communications. Applications such as teleconferencing, interactive simulations, distributed content systems, and multi-party games all demand multicast service. Implementing services at the network layer or application layer of the OSI model is currently the two implementations of multicast services. IP multicast research started earlier, but recently it was discovered that there are many hard-to-solve problems at the multicast layer in the network layer. Based on the nature of the Internet and its application characteristics, IP multicast models, technologies such as Overlay Network and Peer-to-Peer Based on the development of the application layer multicast technology. But application layer multicast also has its own flaws. This article summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of multicast at the network layer and multicast at the application layer. Based on this, we design a set of architecture that combines the two to achieve the benefits of complementary advantages.