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目的了解开封市2012—2013年流行性感冒(流感)的流行趋势和病原学特征,为流感防控措施的制定和实施提供依据。方法收集2012—2013年“中国流感监测信息系统”开封市国家级流感监测哨点医院和网络实验室上报的流感样病例(ILI)资料,采用描述性流行病学方法进行分析。结果 2012—2013年共报告ILI 1 591例,ILI占门诊就诊总数百分比(ILI%)平均为0.84%(1 591/188 487),其中2012年ILI%为0.47%(426/91 202),2013年为1.20%(1 165/97 285)。各年龄组中以0~4岁年龄组ILI最多,为597例,占37.52%。2012年ILI病毒检测阳性率为9.09%(30/330),阳性样本中B型12株、季节性H3型18株。2013年病毒检测阳性率为11.87%(71/598),阳性样本中B型28株、季节性H3型12株、新甲型H1N1型31株。结论 2012—2013年开封市流感病毒流行株为B型、季节性H3型和新甲型H1N1型,今后应继续做好流感监测工作,密切关注流感病毒的变异和流行趋势。
Objective To understand the epidemiological and etiological characteristics of influenza in 2012-2013 in Kaifeng, and to provide basis for the formulation and implementation of influenza prevention and control measures. Methods The data of influenza-like illness (ILI) reported by National Influenza Surveillance Hospital and Network Lab of Kaifeng City from 2012 to 2013 were collected and analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method. Results A total of 1 591 cases of ILI were reported in 2012-2013. ILI accounted for 0.84% (1 591/188 487) of the total number of outpatient visits, including 0.47% (426/91 202) ILI% in 2012 and 2013 Year was 1.20% (1 165/97 285). Among all age groups, the ILI was the most among 0 ~ 4 age group, 597 cases, accounting for 37.52%. In 2012, the positive rate of ILI virus was 9.09% (30/330). There were 12 strains of type B and 18 strains of seasonal H3 in positive samples. The positive rate of virus detection in 2013 was 11.87% (71/598). Among the positive samples, 28 were type B, 12 were seasonal H3 and 31 were new type A H1N1. Conclusion Influenza virus strains in 2012 and 2013 in Kaifeng City are type B, seasonal H3 and new H1N1 types, and influenza surveillance should be continued in the future with close attention to the variation and epidemic trend of influenza viruses.