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玉米常见的生理病害有秃尖、空秆、倒伏等,生产实践中常造成严重的损失。玉米生理病害是由多种因素造成的,但归纳起来可分为两类,第一类是内部因素,即遗传因素的影响,如品种抗逆性不强,种子生活力弱,种子发育不健全。第二类是外界环境条件,如土壤、肥料、水分、空气与光照等条件不良,阻碍玉米的正常发育,形成生理病害。为此,探讨生理病害的发生原因及防治对策,对减轻或避免玉米生产中生理病害造成的损失有重要意义。
Common physiological diseases of corn are bald tip, empty stalks, lodging, etc., often resulting in serious loss of production practice. Physiological diseases of maize are caused by many factors, but they can be summed up into two categories. The first category is internal factors, that is, the influence of genetic factors. For example, the resistance of varieties is not strong, the seed vitality is weak and the seed development is not perfect . The second category is the external environmental conditions, such as soil, fertilizer, moisture, air and light and other poor conditions, hinder the normal development of corn, the formation of physiological diseases. To this end, to explore the causes of physiological diseases and prevention and control measures to reduce or avoid the loss of physiological diseases caused by corn production is of great significance.