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目的：为临床角膜疾病导致角膜感觉丧失的诊断和治疗的研究，提供神经解剖学依据。方法：利用氯化金神经染色和冰冻连续切片技术，在光学显微镜下研究了２３ｗ和３３ｗ人胎角膜的神经分布。结果：在２３ｗ和３３ｗ人胎角膜中，于角膜与巩膜交界处可见一连续的角膜周围神经丛。自角膜周围神经丛发出约３０～８０条神经干进入角膜上皮内。在２３ｗ的胎儿角膜上皮中央区及角膜基质中未见到神经纤维。在３３ｗ的胎儿角膜上皮中央区可见到稀疏的神经分布。结论：无论在２３ｗ或３３ｗ胎儿角膜内皮中均未见有神经分布。总趋势是自上皮至内皮神经纤维数量依次递减。
Objective: To provide a basis of neuroanatomy for the study of diagnosis and treatment of corneal sensation caused by clinical corneal diseases. Methods: The neural distribution of 23w and 33w human fetal corneas was studied under optical microscope with gold chloride nerve stained and frozen serial sections. RESULTS: In the 23w and 33w human fetal corneas, a continuous corneal peripheral plexus was visible at the junction of the cornea and sclera. Peripheral nerve plexus from the cornea issued about 30 to 80 into the corneal epithelium. No neurofibrils were seen in the central zone of fetal corneal epithelium at 23 weeks and corneal stroma. In 33w fetal corneal epithelium central area can be seen sparse nerve distribution. Conclusion: There is no nerve distribution in fetal corneal endothelium at 23w or 33w. The general trend is that the number of nerve fibers from the epithelium to the endothelium followed by decreasing.