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目的 分析桃源县山丘型新疫区血吸虫病的流行特征 ,观察防治效果 ,进一步提出防制对策。 方法 采取横断面调查和抽样纵向观察相结合的方法 ,分析流行现状 ;采取大范围化疗结合重点灭螺以控制疫情。 结果 钉螺主要沿黄石水库灌溉系统呈梯级分布 ,主干渠 (北干渠 )为一级螺源地。经采取上述对策后 ,居民血吸虫病IHA阳性率由1997年 (防治前 )的 7 89%下降至 2 0 0 0年的 2 2 9% ,下降了 70 98%。三个抽样纵向观察村居民血吸虫病粪检阳性率由1997年的 12 74%下降到 2 0 0 0年的 0 2 1% ,下降了 98 35 %。主干渠活螺密度由 1997年的 7 95只 0 11m2 下降到 2 0 0 0年的 0 75只 0 11m2 ,下降了 90 5 7% ,并已查不到感染螺。 结论 以水库灌溉系统为主的山丘型血吸虫病新疫区 ,采取以化疗为主结合重点灭螺的综合措施后 ,使疫情得到了有效控制。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of schistosomiasis in the new mountainous area of Taoyuan County, and to observe the effect of prevention and treatment, and to put forward further countermeasures for prevention and control. Methods A cross-sectional survey and longitudinal sampling combined sampling method to analyze the prevalence of the situation; to take a wide range of chemotherapy combined with key snail control to control the outbreak. Results Snails were mainly distributed along the Huangshi reservoir irrigation system cascade distribution, the main channel (North Main Canal) for a screw source. After adopting the above countermeasures, the positive rate of IHA in resident schistosomiasis dropped from 7 89% in 1997 (before prevention) to 22 29% in 2000, a decrease of 70 98%. The positive rate of excrement detection of schistosomiasis in village residents in three samples longitudinally decreased from 12 74% in 1997 to 0 2 1% in 2000, a decrease of 98 35%. The live tap density of the main channel decreased from 795 to 0-11m2 in 1997 to 0 75 and 0-11m2 in 2000, a decrease of 905.7%. No infection was detected. Conclusions The new outbreak of schistosomiasis endemic to the reservoir irrigation system is controlled by the combination of chemotherapy and key molluscicide.