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在不添加任何表面活性剂及模板剂的情况下用熔盐法制备出纳米氧化铜颗粒，用扫描电子显微镜观察发现制备的纳米氧化铜呈现多面体结构，且氧化铜晶粒大小可通过控制合成过程的煅烧温度来控制，煅烧温度越高则晶粒越大。在H2O2作用下进行了纳米多面体结构氧化铜催化降解罗丹明B的研究。研究结果表明：与商用纳米氧化铜相比，该实验制备的纳米氧化铜尽管具有更低的比表面积，但是其催化性能得到显著的提升。这可能是因为纳米多面体氧化铜的高结晶度及特定指数晶面的暴露所构成的协同作用大幅度提高了其催化性能。“,”Polyhedral copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles were successfully prepared by a molten-salt method without any surfactant or template. Scanning electron microscopy images of the copper oxide samples demonstrated that the as-prepared nanoparticles have a polyhedral structure. The catalytic performances of copper oxide on the degradation of Rhodamine B in the presence of hydrogen peroxide were investigated. The results show that the polyhedral copper oxide nanoparticles exhibited much better catalytic performance in the degradation of Rhodamine B with hydrogen peroxide than commercial nano particles, even with smaller specific surface area. The possible reason can be attributed to the synergistic effect of high crystallinity and the exposed facets formed by polyhedral structure.