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明代《本草通玄》载“牛黄,体轻气香,置舌上,先苦后甘,清凉透心者为真”。此仍为鉴别牛黄的有效方法之一。目前常用的经验鉴别方法有如下几种: 1.针刺法:取小针烧红,刺入牛黄中,若牛黄分裂,裂片呈层状,质细密酥脆,内心有白点,气清香者则为真。若刺入后不分裂,剖开内部不起层纹,内心无白点,并微有臭浊气味者为伪。2.水检法:用无色透明的杯子,装清水半杯,然后取牛黄少许投入水中,可见吸水变湿而不变形。因牛黄生于胆汁中,一般遇水不会溶解,若入水迅速膨胀而崩解者则为伪品。
The Ming Dynasty “Bencao Tongxuan” contained “bezoar, body light gas incense, tongue, first bitter after the Gan, refreshing through the heart is true.” This is still one of the effective methods to identify bezoar. At present, the commonly used methods of empirical identification are the following: 1. Acupuncture: Take a small needle burning red, piercing the bezoar, if the bezoar split, split layered, fine and crisp, with white spots inside, gas fragrance True. If it does not split after piercing, it cannot be stratified within the cut, and there is no white spot in the heart, and the slight smelly odor is false. 2. Water inspection method: Use a colorless, transparent cup to hold half a cup of clear water. Then take a little bit of yellow beaker and put it into water. It can be seen that the water will get wet without deformation. Because bezoar was born in bile, it is generally not dissolved in water, and if the water is rapidly expanded and the disintegrator is counterfeit.