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沉积岩的有机质在成岩过程的不同成岩阶段,发生了物理、化学性质的变化,奠定了用光学技术鉴别有机质受热成熟向油气演化的基础。如在透射光下用显微镜观测牙形石及孢粉化石的颜色及色变指数;在反射光下测定镜质素的反射率;在萤光下测定壳质素的萤光特性等。光学法较其它的物理方法、化学方法更直观,因此国内外都广泛运用它。
The organic matter of the sedimentary rocks changed their physical and chemical properties during different diagenetic stages of diagenesis and laid the foundation for the identification of the evolution of organic matter from oil to gas by optical techniques. For example, under transmission light, the color and color change index of conodont and sporopollen fossils are observed with a microscope; the reflectance of the speckle in the reflected light; and the fluorescence characteristics of the chitin in the fluorescence are measured. Optical method than other physical methods, chemical methods more intuitive, it is widely used both at home and abroad.