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本文介绍了一个针对中国海域海洋环境污染保障系统的研究进展,并阐述中子活化分析(Neutron Activation Analysis,NAA)方法在其中的可能作用。该系统基于对海洋三维流场的预报与分析,对海洋污染物可能的扩散路径与影响区域、污染源头的可能位置进行推测,并结合GIS技术整合相关的环境敏感信息,为如何使污染物造成的危害降到最低给出决策支持。基于该系统技术的渤黄海海洋污染物预测预警系统已经实现业务化运行多年,并在中国沿海污染事故应急中多次获得成功的经验。目前,针对重金属与放射性污染物的环境保障系统正处于理论实验阶段,由于NAA方法特别适合用于对部分重金属及放射性物质的检测,因此NAA方法对实现海洋重金属及放射性污染物的监测及预测预警具有非常重要的实用价值。
This paper presents a review of the research progress on marine environmental pollution protection systems in China and elaborates on the possible role of the Neutron Activation Analysis (NAA) method. Based on the forecast and analysis of the ocean three-dimensional flow field, this system estimates the possible diffusion paths and affected areas of marine pollutants and the possible locations of pollution sources, and integrates relevant environmental sensitive information with GIS technology to make pollutants To minimize the risk given decision support. Based on the system technology, Bohai Sea marine pollutant forecasting and warning system has been operating for many years and has been repeatedly successful in coastal pollution accidents in China. At present, the environmental protection system for heavy metals and radioactive contaminants is in the theoretical experimental stage. Because the NAA method is especially suitable for the detection of some heavy metals and radioactive materials, the NAA method is used to monitor and forecast the marine heavy metals and radioactive pollutants Has a very important practical value.