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在铸造钢件工作中,要使铸件坚密细致,而且不产生氧孔和缩孔,冒口的设计就非常重要。采煤机制造工厂中铸造的重型铸件,就其冒口重量的相互关系上来看,就有大量钢水是被耗费掉了!例如多列茨基工厂中铸造起重机的牙轮,马丁炉钢水的消耗量达铸件重量的三倍。伏罹希洛夫格勒工厂中,用明冒口铸造小牙轮,合格铸件率只有35%,而耗费在冒口中的钢水高达铸件重量的100%。由于采用了上述的冒口(指普通冒口),不但钢水大量消耗,而且也造成操作时间、车床加工时间和切割冒口所用的氧气等不合理的浪费。
In the casting of steel work, to make the casting firm and meticulous, and does not produce oxygen holes and shrinkage, riser design is very important. Heavy mining castings found in foundries, for example, have a significant amount of molten steel consumed in relation to the weight of the riser! For example, the cast-in-place roller cone and the consumption of Martenstein steel in the Doritzki plant Three times the weight of the casting. In the Shilovgrave depot, casting a small cone with a clear riser resulted in only 35% of qualified castings, while molten steel in risers was up to 100% of the weight of the castings. As a result of the above-mentioned riser (referring to ordinary riser), not only a large amount of consumption of molten steel, but also caused an unreasonable waste of operating time, lathe processing time and oxygen used to cut riser.