解放前,我国许多工厂的锻工场里都使用着十分古老、十分落后的地炉。解放后,大部分还保留着这种炉子。这种炉子有什么坏处呢?大家从本期「反射炉比地炉好」的图画中就可以看得很清楚了。在这儿我们不妨再举一些具体例子来比较一下: 1.地炉燃料消耗多,每公斤钢需要0.5～1.5公斤的煤;用反射炉加热每公斤钢最多只需要0.15～0.3公斤煤。 2.采用地炉加热,温度不易掌握,金属的损耗率高达8％;这样,每年该有多少金属要在这种炉子里白白地损失掉!如果采用反射炉,金属的消耗率只有3～5％,无形中这就可以替国家节约很多金属。 3.使用地炉还会使车间的劳动条件恶化,把车间弄得乌烟障气,妨碍咱 Prior to the liberation, many old factory factories in China used ancient, very backward ground furnaces. After the liberation, most of the furnaces were still kept. What’s wrong with this kind of stove? Everyone can see very clearly from the picture of “reflection oven is better than the hearth furnace” in this issue. Here, we may wish to give some specific examples to compare: 1. Ground furnace fuel consumption is 0.5 to 1.5 kilograms of coal per kilogram of steel, and only 0.15 to 0.3 kilograms of coal is required to heat each kilogram of steel in a reverberatory furnace. 2. The use of the furnace heating, the temperature is not easy to grasp, the metal loss rate of up to 8%; so, how much of the metal each year to be lost in this furnace in vain! If the use of reflective furnace, the metal consumption rate is only 3 to 5 %, virtually this can save a lot of metal for the country. 3. The use of the floor furnace will also deteriorate the working conditions in the workshop, making the workshop obsolete and obstructing