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目的了解全民食盐加碘后不同地区8～10岁儿童碘营养状况,为今后碘缺乏病防治提供科学依据。方法分别在安阳市实行全民食盐加碘的9个位于不同地貌地区,按照东、西、南、北、中方位和随机原则抽取五所小学,每所小学抽8～10岁儿童50名,男女各半,采用触诊法检查儿童甲状腺肿大情况,直接滴定法检测食用盐碘,砷铈催化分光光度测定方法检测儿童尿碘,砷铈氧化还原法检测水碘。结果实施全民食盐加碘10年后,安阳市各县(区)儿童甲状腺发病率均低于4.76%、碘盐中位数均>26.1mg/L、碘盐使用率>90.87%、尿碘中位数>138μg/L,达到并巩固了消除碘缺乏病防治效果;9个县(区)中林州市、安阳县、汤阴县、龙安区、殷都区、北关区、文峰区分布有碘浓度<10μg/L的水源,频数分布率分别为96.00%、66.00%、60.00%、92.00%、96.00%、83.33%、48.00%,内黄县和滑县50份水样水碘浓度全部在10～20μg/L之间,提示我市除东部少数县为水碘浓度适宜地区外,大部分地区为低碘区;9个县(区)中,林州市、安阳县、殷都区、北关区、文峰区和内黄县儿童尿碘浓度>300μg/L的频数分布率分别为48.00%、48.41%、53.87%、40.23%、60.80%和72.69%,提示我市儿童尿碘浓度水平较高。结论我市已经实现消除碘缺乏病防治目标,低碘地区和非低碘地区均存在尿碘浓度较高的现象,建议调整食盐加碘浓度,维持人群适宜的碘营养水平,为我国人群身体健康提供保障。
Objective To understand the iodine nutrition status of children aged 8 ~ 10 in different areas after salt iodization in the whole people, and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of iodine deficiency disorders in the future. Methods Nine elementary schools were set up in different geomorphological areas in Anyang City. Nine elementary schools were drawn according to the orientations of East, West, South, North and Central China and randomly. Fifty children aged 8 to 10 were enrolled in each primary school. Half, using palpation of children with goiter, direct titration of iodized salt, arsenic cerium catalytic spectrophotometry determination of urinary iodine, arsenic cerium redox detection of water iodine. Results After 10 years of universal salt iodization, the incidence rates of thyroid in all counties (districts) of Anyang City were less than 4.76%, the median of iodized salt was> 26.1mg / L, the utilization rate of iodized salt was> 90.87% Median> 138μg / L, to achieve and consolidate the elimination of iodine deficiency disease prevention and control effect; 9 counties (regions) in Linzhou City, Anyang County, Tangyin County, Long’an District, Yindu District, Beiguan District, Wenfeng The frequency distribution of water sources with iodine concentration <10μg / L were 96.00%, 66.00%, 60.00%, 92.00%, 96.00%, 83.33%, 48.00% Concentrations of 10 ~ 20μg / L, suggesting that the city in addition to the eastern part of a few counties for the appropriate water iodine concentration outside the region, most of the area is low iodine; 9 counties (districts), Linzhou City, Anyang County, Yin The frequencies of urinary iodine> 300μg / L were 48.00%, 48.41%, 53.87%, 40.23%, 60.80% and 72.69% respectively in the metropolitan area, Beiguan district, Wenfeng district and Neihuang county, suggesting that children in our city Urine iodine levels higher. Conclusion The city has achieved the goal of eliminating iodine deficiency disorders, urinary iodine concentrations in low-iodine areas and non-low iodine areas are high, it is recommended to adjust the concentration of iodized salt, to maintain proper iodine nutrition level for the population, for our people’s health provide assurance.