目前淮河中游洪涝灾害仍然严重,为了减轻灾害损失,迫切需要找到更加有效的治理措施。疏浚虽然是一种常用河道治理措施,可以理顺河势,降低洪水位,但是由于担心疏浚后回淤,效果不能维持,一直没有作为主要措施在淮河治理中使用。为此,首先从研究淮河中游河道演变规律出发,量化第二造床流量,揭示第二造床流量与平滩流量关系的机理,探寻淮河治理的新方法,为采用河道大规模疏浚来降低洪水位提供理论依据。然后采用非均匀不平衡输沙数学模型就上段疏浚、下段疏浚以及全河段疏浚对降低淮河干流洪水位的效果以及长期维持情况进行了计算研究。研究结果表明,长距离河道疏浚不仅能够大幅度地降低干流河道的洪水位,而且不会发生明显回淤,疏浚效果可以长期保留,为淮河的洪涝灾害治理提供了新思路和新措施。 At present, floods in the middle reaches of the Huaihe River are still gravely disastrous. In order to reduce disaster losses, it is imperative to find more effective governance measures. Although dredging is a commonly used riverway management measure, it can straighten the river and reduce the flood level. However, it has not been used as the main measure in the Huaihe River administration because it is worried about the effect of siltation after dredging. Therefore, starting with the study of the evolution of the river course in the middle reaches of the Huaihe River, the mechanism of quantifying the second bed flow rate, revealing the relationship between the second bed flow rate and the flat beach flow rate, exploring a new method of harnessing the Huaihe River, Provide a theoretical basis. Then, using non-uniform mathematical model of unbalanced sediment transport, the effects of upper dredging, lower dredging and dredging of the whole reach are analyzed to reduce the effect and long-term maintenance of flood in Huaihe River. The results show that long-distance river dredging can not only greatly reduce the flood level of the main channel, but also does not occur obvious siltation, dredging effect can be retained for a long time, which provides new ideas and new measures for flood control in the Huaihe River.