一、绪言日本从1957年起就没有狂犬病发生,可认为已经扑灭了狂犬病。但世界上尚有狂犬病流行,何时从国外传入都不足为奇。而且,有的动物如犬、猫、狐狸等不仅本身感染,还可以感染他人,其目前的数量与流行时期没有什么改变,倘若落实预防措施不力,就会再发生过去的流行。万一发生疫情,即使尽力采取措施可以再次将其扑灭,但在证实扑灭之前,日本 I. INTRODUCTION Japan has not had rabies since 1957, and it is considered that rabies has been put out. However, there is still a rabies epidemic in the world. It is not surprising when imported from abroad. Moreover, some animals, such as dogs, cats and foxes, not only infect themselves but also infect others, their present quantity and popularity have not changed. If the implementation of precautionary measures is ineffective, the epidemic will occur again. In the event of an outbreak, even if the best efforts can be made to extinguish it again, before confirming its suppression, Japan