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田间和盆栽试验结果表明:(1)有机肥和有机无机肥配合能提高土壤的供钾强度和供钾容量。(2)随着水稻的生长发育,各处理土壤速效钾和缓效钾均有不同程度的下降,在水稻幼穗分化期降到最低,而后有所回升(完全有机肥处理例外)。(3)水稻地上部分的含钾量和吸钾总量与1.0N HNO_3提取钾的变化呈显著负相关,而与单一土壤速效钾或缓效钾的变化无显著相关。(4)水稻齐穗期剑叶叶绿素 a 含量、叶绿素总量和 ATP 含量与其含钾量呈显著或极显著正相关;籽粒产量与齐穗期剑叶含钾量、叶绿素 a 含量和叶绿素总量呈显著正相关,表明水稻生育后期钾能起延缓叶绿素 a分解的作用,有利于光合作用,提高体内的能量水平,促进干物质积累。(5)亩施猪厩肥750公斤和化肥钾5.0公斤左右即能保持土壤速效钾和缓效钾的基本平衡,且比单施等钾量的化肥或有机肥有显著的增产效果。可作为当地条件下合理配施有机肥、减少钾化肥施用的参考依据。
Field and pot experiment results showed that: (1) Organic fertilizers and organic-inorganic fertilizers can increase soil potassium supply and potassium supply capacity. (2) With the growth and development of rice, the content of available potassium and slow-acting potassium in soil decreased to some extent in the treatment of rice, and then decreased to the minimum in the panicle differentiation stage of rice (after the complete organic fertilizer treatment). (3) There was a significant negative correlation between the content of potassium and the total amount of potassium uptake in above-ground part of rice and the change of potassium extracted from 1.0N HNO 3, but not with the change of available or slow-acting potassium in single soil. (4) The contents of chlorophyll a, total chlorophyll and ATP in flag leaf at heading stage were significantly or very significantly positively correlated with the content of potassium in heading stage. The contents of potassium, chlorophyll a and total chlorophyll in flag leaves at grain yield and heading stage The results showed that potassium could retard the decomposition of chlorophyll a during the late growth period of rice, which is good for photosynthesis, increasing the energy level in the body and promoting the accumulation of dry matter. (5) Mushi pig manure 750 kg and fertilizer potassium about 5.0 kg that can maintain the basic balance of available potassium and slow-acting potassium, and than the single application of potassium or other chemical fertilizers or organic fertilizer have a significant yield increase. Can be used as a reasonable allocation of organic fertilizer under local conditions, to reduce the application of potassium fertilizer reference.