近年来,以集体、户联办及个体形式出现的乡镇小煤窑遍布全国各地,它为繁荣农村经济、提高农民收入做出了很大贡。献。但是,我们应该看到,由于乡镇小煤窑缺乏有效的防尘措施,致使作业环境粉尘浓度较高,加之缺乏个人防护,矿工矿龄短,劳动强度大,作业时间长,造成粉尘危害相当严重,有相当数量的乡镇小煤窑出现了尘肺病患者,而且尘肺发病严重程度大于大中型煤矿。因此, In recent years, township and town small coal mines that have emerged collectively, in liaison offices and in individual forms have spread all over the country and have greatly contributed to the prosperity of the rural economy and the improvement of peasants’ income. offer. However, we should note that due to the lack of effective dust control measures for township small coal mines, resulting in a high concentration of dust in the operating environment and the lack of personal protection, the mining age is short, the labor intensity is large and the operation time is long, A considerable number of township small coal mines appeared in patients with pneumoconiosis, and pneumoconiosis severity greater than large and medium-sized coal mines. therefore,