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一、消费主义的起源、内涵与基本特征所谓消费主义,主要是指以美国为代表,在西方发达资本主义国家普遍存在,也在不发达国家出现的一种文化态度、价值观念或生活方式。消费主义来自资本主义意识形态的一个基本的教义,即认为人的自我满足和快乐的第一位要求是占有和消费物质产品。发端于西方的消费主义主要具有以下几个基本特征。(1)消费主义是指一种主活方式,消费的目的不是为了实际需要的满足,而是不断追求被制造出来、被刺激起来的欲望的满足,使人们永无止境地追求高消费。
I. The Origin, Connotation and Basic Characteristics of Consumerism Consumptionism mainly refers to a cultural attitude, value concept or way of life represented by the United States and prevalent in the developed capitalist countries of the West as well as in the underdeveloped countries. Consumerism comes from the basic doctrine of capitalist ideology that the first requirement of human self-satisfaction and happiness is the possession and consumption of physical goods. Consumerism originated in the West mainly has the following basic features. (1) Consumerism refers to a kind of active-active way. The purpose of consumption is not for the satisfaction of actual needs. Instead, it is constantly pursuing the created and stimulated desire to satisfy people’s endless pursuit of high consumption.