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在初中化学课程的全部教学中广泛进行实验,不仅能帮助学生理解教材,使学生获得清楚、正确和巩固的化学知识,同时也奠定了学生的辩证唯物观点。现在来谈谈我们对演示实验的几点体会。希望同志们给以批评和指正。 (一)作演示实验时,为了使学生清楚了解各种现象的发生,向学生交代关于仪器的使用、装置技巧、名称、性能是很必要的。例:在实验室作制取大量或少量氢气、氧化-还原反应、制取蒸馏水、演示灭火机、一氧化碳还原氧化铁等实验时,我们为了使学生了解实验的装置和实验的全部过程,在实验室里放着同样的装置两套。一套是装配齐全,准备着演示实验用的;另一套是准备着向学生进行交代随时拆卸用的。这样作,能促使学生主动地观察所发生的现象。并且为学生掌握实验操作技术打下了基础。
Extensive experiments in all the junior high school chemistry curricula will not only help students understand the teaching materials and enable students to acquire clear, correct and consolidated chemistry knowledge, but also lay the students’ dialectical and materialistic perspectives. Now to talk about our experience on the demo experiment. I hope my comrades will give their criticism and rectification. (A) For demonstration experiments, in order for students to clearly understand the occurrence of various phenomena, it is necessary to explain to students on the use of equipment, device skills, name, performance. Example: In the laboratory for the preparation of large or small amount of hydrogen, oxidation - reduction reaction, the system of distilled water, demonstration fire extinguisher, carbon monoxide reduction of iron oxide and other experiments, in order to enable students to understand the experimental device and the whole process of experiments in the experiment Room two sets of the same device. One is a fully equipped, ready to demonstrate experimental use; the other is ready to explain to students at any time with the demolition. In this way, students can be motivated to observe the phenomenon. And for students to master the experimental operation technology laid the foundation.