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同时兼备高的强度和高的导热性的蠕虫状石墨铸铁(以下简称蠕铁)近年来在国外得到迅速发展,为人们日趋重视。本文扼要地介绍了在试验条件下获得蠕铁的工艺,及其组织和性能。分析了变质剂的加入量与力学性能,金相组织间的关系。并对用1~#稀土和1~#稀土+Si—Ca所获得的二种蠕铁进行了工艺稳定性及力学性能和金相的分析与对比。蠕铁的壁厚敏感性试验令人信服地表明,随着壁厚从φ25增加到φ125,其抗拉强度、硬度、石墨形态及蠕虫状石墨所占的比例等均变化不大。试验强调,低的原始含硫量是经济而稳定地获得蠕铁的首要条件;而足够的变质剂量,合适的孕育温度和孕育方式等在蠕铁的制取中,具有举足轻重的地位。指出目前工作中存在的问题及今后的任务,同也展望了蠕铁应用的诱人前景。
At the same time, the worm-shaped graphite cast iron (hereinafter referred to as vermicular iron), which combines high strength and high thermal conductivity, has been rapidly developed abroad in recent years, attracting people’s attention. This article briefly introduces the process of obtaining vermicular iron under test conditions, its microstructure and properties. The relationship between the amount of modifier and the mechanical properties and microstructure was analyzed. The process stability, mechanical properties and microstructure of two kinds of vermicular iron obtained from 1 ~ # rare earth and 1 ~ # rare earth + Si-Ca were analyzed and compared. The wall thickness sensitivity test of vermicular iron convincingly shows that the tensile strength, hardness, graphite morphology and the proportion of vermicular graphite are not changed much with the increase of wall thickness from φ25 to φ125. The experiment emphasizes that the low initial sulfur content is the primary condition for obtaining vermicular iron economically and stably. However, enough metamorphic dosage, suitable incubation temperature and inoculation mode are very important in the preparation of vermicular iron. Pointed out that the existing problems in the work and future tasks, with the prospect of the prospect of vermicular iron applications.