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以银杏叶为研究对象,运用光学显微镜、扫描电镜从微观角度研究微波场、超声波场在银杏叶活性成分提取过程中的破壁和强化传质机理。结果表明:不同外场提取方法、不同提取时间对植物细胞组织的影响程度明显不同;微波和超声波这两种外场均能破坏细胞壁,强化传质,但二者机理不同,微波主要是由于热效应而超声波则为空化效应。与超声波相比,微波更能快速破壁,应用于中草药活性成分提取更具优势。
Taking Ginkgo biloba as the research object, the microwave field and the scanning electron microscopy were used to study the broken wall and enhanced mass transfer mechanism of microwave field and ultrasonic field in the extraction process of active ingredients of Ginkgo biloba. The results showed that the influence of different extraction methods and extraction time on plant cell tissue was significantly different. Both microwave and ultrasonic fields could destroy the cell wall and enhance the mass transfer, but the two mechanisms were different. The microwave was mainly due to the thermal effect and the ultrasonic wave It is a cavitation effect. Compared with ultrasound, microwave break more quickly, applied to the extraction of active ingredients of Chinese herbal medicine more advantages.