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东南亚地区自然条件优越,适宜大量种植可用作食品的各种植物,即谷物、豆类及许多其他菜蔬瓜果作物。从六十年代末期到七十年代末期,东南亚国家粮食作物总产量明显增多(表一),但按人口平均的产量却远不如总产量的增长幅度。在某些年份,一些国家按人口平均产量的指数下降得比“绿色革命”前的水平还要低。七十年代中期,柬埔寨按人口平均产量下降的幅度特别大,一九七五年,这个国家的上述两项指数都只达到六十年代初期的百分之四十。一九七五至一九七八年,缅甸的按人口平均粮食产量指数竟低于六十年代。
Southeast Asia has excellent natural conditions and is suitable for planting a large variety of plants that can be used for food, namely cereals, beans and many other vegetable and fruit crops. From the late 1960s to the late 1970s, the total output of food crops in Southeast Asia increased significantly (Table 1), but the average output per capita was far less than the growth in total output. In some years, the index of average population output of some countries dropped even lower than before the “green revolution.” In the mid-1970s, the decline in population by average output in Cambodia was particularly dramatic. In 1975, the two indices in this country only reached 40% of the population in the early 1960s. From 1975 to 1978, the average grain output index of Myanmar was actually lower than that of the 1960s.