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目的了解新疆巴里坤县某中学中、小学学生视力状况,探讨中、小学学生视力不良的原因,提出抑制中、小学学生近视率升高的建议,为学校开展视力保护提供依据。方法 2011年采取分层整群抽样的方法,对巴里坤县某中学3 287名中、小学学生视力状况进行调查。结果中学生近视率62.44%,小学生近视率27.14%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=348.617,P=0.000),女生近视率44.19%,男生32.59%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=43.597,P=0.000),2011年与2008年相比近视率呈上升趋势。结论中、小学学生近视率上升不仅和不良的读写姿势、学习任务重、长时间看电视、玩电脑有关,还与饮食的均衡、昏暗的光线、桌椅的高度等因素有关。
Objective To understand the situation of visual acuity of primary and secondary school students in a secondary school in Barkol County, Xinjiang, to explore the reasons of poor eyesight in primary and secondary school students, and to put forward suggestions to curb the increase of myopia among primary and secondary school students, so as to provide the basis for the school to carry out the visual acuity protection. Methods A stratified cluster sampling method was adopted in 2011 to investigate the visual acuity of 3 287 middle and primary school students in a middle school in Barkol County. Results The myopia rate of middle school students was 62.44% and myopia rate was 27.14%, the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 348.617, P = 0.000). The myopia rate was 44.19% in girls and 32.59% in boys, the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 43.597, P = 000), myopia rate in 2011 compared with 2008 is on the rise. Conclusions The increase of myopia in primary and secondary school students is not only related to poor reading and writing position, heavy learning tasks, long time watching TV and playing computer, but also with the balance of diet, dim light and the height of tables and chairs.