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本文利用定向爬虫工具采集了中华全国总工会网站上共计1853篇工会动态报道,运用扎根理论方法对中国工会的实践内容进行概念化编码,并结合量化描述对比方法,完整呈现出工会实践的职能现状。本文识别了维护行为、关怀行为、提升行为、参与行为、建设行为等中国工会实践的具体维度,并厘清了这些概念的内涵和边界。研究发现:(1)与国外工会相比,中国工会的工作更多元化,特别是主动承担了一定的社会责任,如参加社会建设、帮助员工1中的弱势群体、提升员工的综合素质和工作积极性等;(2)中国工会实践中的维权行为和参与行为过少,统一设计、逐级沿袭的官僚组织特征仍然明显,各省份之间工会实践的分布情况存在差异,反映了中国工会在各个地区的转型发展呈现不均衡性,但整体上是一个渐进的发展过程;(3)中国工会,特别是基层工会的独立性虽然亟需增强,但中国工会并不像人们质疑的那样无所作为,其多元化的工作模式更容易形成良性循环局面,从而在劳资关系管理实践中发挥积极作用。
In this paper, a total of 1853 trade union reports were collected from the ACFTU website using directional crawler tools. The grounded theory method was used to conceptualize the practice content of the Chinese trade unions. Combined with the quantitative description and comparison method, the present status of the union practice functions was completely presented. This paper identifies the concrete dimensions of the practice of Chinese trade unions such as maintenance behavior, caring behavior, promotion behavior, participation behavior and construction behavior, and clarifies the connotation and boundary of these concepts. The findings are as follows: (1) Compared with foreign trade unions, the work of trade unions in China is more diversified. In particular, they take the initiative to undertake certain social responsibilities, such as participating in social construction, helping the disadvantaged groups in the workforce 1 and improving the overall quality of the workforce Work enthusiasm and so on; (2) The characteristics of bureaucratic organizations with uniformed design and gradual succession are still obvious in China’s trade union practice with too few rights-keeping behaviors and participation behaviors. The distribution of trade union practice among the provinces is different, reflecting that the trade unions in China (3) Although the independence of China’s trade unions, especially the grassroots trade unions, needs to be strengthened, the Chinese trade unions do not do as much as they have been questioned. However, Its diversified mode of work is more likely to form a virtuous cycle, thus playing an active role in the management of labor relations.