自西周以来,“院落式”布置的“木结构”合院式建筑,被认为是我国古代宫殿建筑的主流形式。但因为木结构建筑需要大量财力、物力、人力和大量木材,而且易于遭雷击、火灾而损毁,所以,寻找能够代替木材的,耐火、成本低廉的建筑材料和建筑形式,成为历代匠师的历史使命。无梁殿,就是在这一历史使命驱使下出现的。顾名思义,无梁殿就是完全没有木构梁架的宫殿建筑。它常常是以砖、石砌筑、发券,为拱券结构,非常坚固。也有人称其为独立式窑洞。因为不需要木材,砖、石材料可以就地取材,所以成本低廉,而且有很强的耐火性能。山西现存较古老的无梁殿,是始建于金明昌元年(1190年)的太原清徐县马峪乡东马峪村北的“香岩寺”建筑群。因殿内供奉“无量寿佛”而得名“无量殿”。其主体建筑为石构无梁殿三座,分别为地藏殿、释迦殿、观音殿。这些建筑都是坐北朝南,分东、中、西依次排开,都是用抹角石梁逐层砌成穹窿藻井(图1),不用木构 Since the Western Zhou Dynasty, the “courtyard style ” arranged “wooden structure ” courtyard building, is considered as the mainstream form of the ancient palace architecture in our country. However, due to the large amount of financial, material, manpower and large amount of wood needed for wood-framed buildings, and easily damaged by lightning and fire, the search for a refractory, low-cost building material and architectural form that can replace wood has become the history of the past carpenters mission. Liang Temple, is driven by this historic mission. As the name suggests, without Liangdian is completely without wooden beam palace structure. It is often brick, stone masonry, issuing coupons for the arch structure, very strong. Others call it a freestanding cave. Because you do not need wood, brick, stone materials can be drawn on the spot, so the cost is low, and there is a strong fire resistance. Shanxi Province, the existing older Liang Wudian, was built in the first year of Jin Mingchang (1190) in Taiyuan Qingxu County Magu Township East Ma Yucun North “Hongyan Temple ” buildings. Because of the temple worship “immeasurable life Buddha ” and named “immeasurable temple ”. The main building for the stone structure without Liangdian three, respectively, for the Tibetan Temple, Sakyamuni Temple, a Buddism godness Guanyin temple. These buildings are north-south, east, west and west in turn arranged in rows, are made of scraps of stone beams Qiaoxia algae wells (Figure 1), without wood