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有关人权究竟是法律权利还是道德权利的问题是人权理论研究中的一个重要问题。莫纪宏教授提出了“人权的非道德性”观点,但是否定把道德作为人权的本源并不能推出人权与道德权利没有相关性这一结论。道德是为了调整人们现实的利益关系,满足个体的利益和需要而产生的。这里的利益不是狭隘的、自私自利的个人利益概念,而是人类共同的、天然的、相通的利益,这决定了道德的客观性和普遍性。人权,正是这种人类共同的、相通的利益的抽象表达和诉求,道德的利益基础决定了人权构成了现代道德的基础和核心,决定了道德与人权的相关性。人权是法律之合理性的必要前提,是作为法律之根源的道德之最核心、最本质的内涵。
The question whether human rights are legal or moral rights is an important issue in the study of human rights theory. Professor Mo Jihong raised the view that “human rights are not moral”, but denying that morality is the source of human rights does not give the conclusion that human rights and moral rights are not related. Morality is created in order to adjust people’s real interest relations and meet the individual interests and needs. The interest here is not the narrow, self-serving concept of personal interests, but the common, natural and connected interests of mankind, which determine the objectivity and universality of morality. Human rights are exactly the abstract expressions and demands of such human common and connected interests. The basis of moral interests determines that human rights form the foundation and core of modern morality and determine the correlation between morality and human rights. Human rights are the necessary prerequisite for the rationality of the law and the most essential and essential connotation of morality as the root of the law.